Motor



Patented Apr.. 2l, 1931 UNITED STATES FRANK S. BARES, OF ST. LOUIS,MSSOUR MOTOR Application led December, 6, 1926. Serial No. 152,791.

This invention relates to motors, and with regard to certain more specicfeatures to an improved pneumatic pump for forcing grease or the like.

Among the several objects of the invention may be noted the provision ofportable grease pumping apparatus which is instantly operable to pumpquantities of grease; the provision of an improved, demountable valvesystem for apparatus of the class described, which is adapted tosubstantially increase the capacity of the apparatus; the provision ofimproved means for self-oiling whereby the above ends are augmented; andthe provision of a device of the class described which is economical ofmanufacture, light of weight,

yet subject to little or no derangement in operation. Other objects willbe in part obvious and in part pointed out hereinafter.

The invention accordingly comprises the elements and combination ofelements, features of construction, and arrangements of parts which willbe exemplified in the structure hereinafter described and the scope ofthe application of which will be indicated in the following claims.

In the accompanying drawings, in which is shown one of various possibleembodiments of the invention,

Fig. 1 is alongitudinal vertical section of the apparatus taken on line1-1 of Fig. 2, showing certain parts in full;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the apparatus showing the cover and plungerremoved and certain parts broken away;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged side elevation of an inlet cock with parts brokenaway;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged longitudinal sectionof an outlet check and reliefvalve assembly;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary detail section taken on line 5--5 ofFig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary section taken on line 6 6 of Fig. 2 showing amethod of fas- 'tening the valve system; and

Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing means for driving a valve stem.

Similar reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout theseveral views of the drawings.

Referring now more particularly to Figs 1 and 2 of the drawings, thereis illustrated at numerals land 3, a pair of longitudinal side frames orrails. Each of the frames or rails l and 3 is formed with a leg 5 at thefront and rear and each leg 5 is provided with a swivel caster 7. Thecasters 7 are adapted to stay with the legs 5 when the device is pickedup, as will be hereinafter described.

The rails 1 and 3 are provided with upper horizontal flat and/ormachined surfaces 9 for the purpose of receiving bolted thereto, at theforward ends, a laterally formed pump casting 11. Rearwardly thesurfaces 9 of the frames l and 3 have bolted thereto a laterally formedengine casting .13. The frames 1 and 3 and castings 1l and 13 form aunit.

Sidewardly extending and oppositely placed horns or hose clips 15 arebolted to the mid-portions of the side rails 1 and 3 and serve thepurpose of holding cradled therein the delivery line of the apparatus,when said delivery line is not in use. The delivery line is not shown inthe drawings. The clips 15 are held partly by conventional bolts andpartly by means of the threaded ends of a handle or grip 17. Thethreaded ends of the grip 17 are provided with shoulders and haveconventional nuts threaded thereto. The purpose of the handle or grip 17is to provide means by which the device as a whole may be lifted andtransported about.

Referring now more particularly to the forward pump casting 11, it maybe seen that said castlng comprises flanges 25 whereby it is bolted tothe side frames 1 and 3, as described. Longitudinally and centrally ofsaid flanges and formed therewith is a bored plunger cylinder 27provided at its forward end with a check valve 29. As indicated in Fig.1, the rear end of said plunger cylinder is fitted with a packing glandassembly 21. The packing in the gland assemblyis arranged to engage aplunger working in the cylinder 27 for only a short distance along thelength of said plunger, whereby the frictional effect of the packing isreduced.

At approximately the central portion of the bore of cylinder 27 isformed an inlet passage 35 which leads up to a chamber 37 castintegrally with the bored cylinder 27. Bolted to the Hanged top of saidchamber 37, in grease-tight fashion, is a grease. container 39. rllhebottom of the container 39 and the flange of the chamber 37 are providedwith a gasket 23 therebetween and an annular ring 24 is clamped down onthe upper surface of said container bottom. An unwarped greasetightconnection is thus attained between the container 39 and the 'chamber37.

rlhe container is provided with a lid 41. The bottom 43 of the containeris provided with an opening'45 which aligns with the upper opening ofthe chamber 37 and 1s adapted to receive the conical rim of a strainer47 therein.

As will later be made clear, grease andthe ,like is adapted to be drawnor forced from the container, through the strainer 47, cham! ber 37,passage 35, bore of cylinder 27, valve 29, to a supply line (preferablyiexible not shown) madev fast to the outlet end of the drawn from thebottom of said container. A

suitable handle 28 is provided on the plunger 26.

in order to draw grease or the like from the bottom of the container 39,a plunger 51 is caused to reciprocate in the bored cylinder 27 so thatits forward" end crosses and recrosses the passage 35.- The plunger ismade to it the cylinder 27 snugly and as the plunger recedes rearwardly,the check valve 29 automaticlally closes. Hence, a vacuum is drawn inthe cylinder 27 and grease rushes into the cylinder 27. 4At the nextforward movement of theplunger the grease in cylinder 27 is forcedthrough the check valvey 29 and out into the line (not shown) In start-ling the device, it'may be primed by pouring passage 35 by way of thecontainer 39. l

It is evident that the reciprocating action of the plunge 51 may be'continued indefinitely to draw grease from the container 39 anddischarge it into the line. f

The check valve 29 is of an improved construction comprising a boredmember 2 screwed into the outlet of the cylinder 27 and counterbored toform a seat for the valve proper 4. The counterbored portion ofthemember 2 is threaded to receive anl outlet member 6 which iscounterbored at 8 for receiving a'spring 10 yvhichis adapted to normally hold the valve 4 against its seat in the member 2. A passage 12inthe member 6 leads to athreaded outlet to which the said loutlet line isconnected. The parts are so valve from seating on its right hand side,so

/whereby the passage 12may be opened to o that when greaseis pushed tothe right (Fig. 1) ample cross sectional area is provided at all pointsto permit ilow of said grease. A hand operable outlet plug 14 isprovided communicate with the atmos here.

In order to reciprocate the p unger, an air engine E is provided at therear of the device. This engine is associated with, and cast (in part)with the said casting 13.

The air engine E comprises a work cylinder 55 to which is longitudinallycast, on center line, a spring iietaining cylinder 57 These cylindersare adapted (as a unit) to be aligned. on center line with the cylinder27, at least approximately.

Passing through the cylinder 57 and into cylinder 55 is a piston rod 59.The rod 59 passes out of the forward end of said cylinder 57 andcooperates with the plunger 51 by means of a counterbore and cross pincombinatiori 61. rllhe stated combination 61 is permanent but duringassembly permits of some misalignment between the cylinders 55, 57 and27, in so far as the counterbore in the shaft 59 may be made somewhatlarger than the diameter of the shouldered portion of plunger 51.

At the rear end, the rod 59 is provided with a driving piston 63. Thepiston comprises a backing plate 65, a leather piston 67 and a clampingcup 69, all heldto a shoulder on rod 59 by means of a nut as shown. Thecup 69 is flanged out farther than is the leather piston, so that therelatively soft piston cannot strike the head 71 of the cylinder 55. Thepiston 63 is normally held to the left or rear end of its cylinder bymeans of a spring 73 reacting between said of` cylinder 5,7 and a sprlng58 on the plunger 51 reacting between the rod 59 and casting 11.

A driving stem 75 for the valve gear of engine E\is ysupported withregard to, and moves with the piston rod 59.l The stem is so supportedfor the said movement by screwing the rear end of it into the piston 63and pinning the forward end into a vertical bracket 77, which bracket isheld by means of a tight t and set screw 79 to the forward jointed endof the piston rod 59. The said rod 75 slidably passes through a properpassage in the head end of the cylinder 55 and is steadied by passagethrough an ear 81 at the front end ofthe c linder 57. It is evident thatby means of `t e construction described, the piston rod 59 cannot twistoutA of its assembled position and a rugged aligning system is providedfor driving thevalve gear to be described. i

A .flanged cross-shape valve casting or fitting 83 is studded to the topof the ywork cylinder 55. The. flan es 84 thereof are tted 'with washers86. T ese washers 86 have integral cylindrical liners which passthroughpiston andthe fronty They accommodate the studs 90, align thecasting 83 by extending into counterbores 92 in the cylinder casting andalso serve to evenly distribute the pressure effect of the stud nuts onthe casting 83 when said nuts are pulled down. The latter effect isaccomplished by `.providing large flat ,heads on the washers. By thismeans, perfect and positive alignment of the valve parts is assured, aswell as a good joint between the valve casting 83 and cylinder casting55. The casting or fitting 83 is provided with a shallow counterborecounter-recess 94 which forms a passage 53 between the casting 83 andcylinder 55. A gasket 54 between the casting 83 and the cylinderprevents communication,between the passage andthe atmosphere but has anopening therein communicating with the passage 53 for purposes to bemade clear.

The casting 83 is provided with a longitudinal bore 85 for slidablyreceiving a valve 87. A positive movement-limiting head 89 is providedat the front end of this valve. This head 89 engages the casting 83 tolimit rearward movement of the valve and engages a cup 91 screwed tosaid casting 83 to limit the forward movement of the valve. The nutwhich holds this head 89 in vplace serves also to lock a valve stem 93in position. The valve stem 93 is screwed to the valve. The said nut isadapted to pass through an opening in the cup 91 but the head 89 engagesthe cup and does not pass through said openin Vertically drilled acrossthe valve bore 85 is a passage 95 serving inlet purposes. This passageleads downwardly to the said passage 53 and u wardly to a hollow inletplug 56. To the le t of the passage 95 is vertically formed a secondpassage 97 which communicates between the bore 85 and the interior ofthe work cylinder 55 crossing the said passage 53 and passing throughsaid opening in the gasket 54.

In order to bring air to the inlet passage 95 an air nozzle 105 isrovidedV (see Fig. 3). The said plug 56 which is screwed into thecasting 83 is adapted to slidably engage an opening 103 in the nozzle105 and to seat on a gasket 102 held in place in said nozzle 105. Thegasket 102 is held in place by means of a threaded member 101 in whichsaido ening 103 is formed. A cock 104 is screwed into the nozzle 105 andcommunicates with the opening 103. The cock 104 is provided with aroughened stem 106 which is adapted to receive a flexible air line,wherebyv compressed air may be brought to the apparatus.

g 14n order to hold the nozzle 105 to the plug 56, a hinge block 109 isheld to the lug 83 by means of a shoulder on the plug 56. To this block109 is hinged an adjustable saddle member 111, which is adapted to swingin place over the nozzle for delivering air.

Wing nuts 113 make removal of the saddle 111 from the nozzle 105 easyand handy, whereupon the nozzle may readily be removed' by lifting. Theswinging studs 108 are burred at their upper ends after the wing nuts113 are applied. Loss of the nuts during service is thus prevented.

Returning 'to the valve construction, the drawings (Fig. 1) show thatthe valve 87 is provided with a groove 115 adapted to register with thesaid inlet passage 95 when said valve is in its rearward position. Whenthe valve is in its forward position, the groove 115 does not registerwith the inlet passage 95. Hence, by positioning the valve 87rearwardly, the inlet passage is open, whereby compressed air may passfrom the inlet line, through the nozzle 105 (if the nozzle is open) plug56, passage 95 and groove 115, passage 53, the lower part of passage 97and to the cylinder 55, where work is done to press the piston forwardlyagainst the reaction of spring 73. B thisl means the plunger 51 is madeto ta ze a grease forcing stroke as hereinbefore described.

The rear end or extension 66 of the valve 87 is reduced in cross sectionby means of a shoulder 68. This shoulder is in such a position that whenthe valve 87 is positioned forwardly,'then said shoulder is slightly tothe right of the outlet passage 97. Hence, by positioning the valve 85forwardly, the inlet passage 95 is cut off in the manner abovedescribed, while Athe outlet or exhaust passage 97 is open to theatmosphere. This action permits movement of air from the cylinder 55through passages 97, 53 and out of the bore 85. Such movement of air iscaused by the Y tendency of the air to re-expand after a working strokeand the expanding action of the spring 73, which pushes the piston 63rearwardly. The exhaust port 97 is near the rear end of the cylinder sothat said cylinder may be substantially emptied of air.

Movement of the piston 63 and rod 59 rearwardly results in an evacuatingstroke of the plunger 51 whereby the grease cylinder 27 is againreloaded as hereinbefore described.

In order to automatically position the valve 87 at its said maximumforward and rearward positions, so that pumping may be continuous whendesired, the following fullstroke mechanismI is used:

Vertically fastened to the driving rod 75 is fastened a driving bracket117 (Fig. 7) adapted to slidably engage the valve stem 93. This slidableengagement comprises a through bore 118 and a cross slot 120. The4 bore118 accommodates the stem 93 and certain springs thereon (to bedescribed)l and the slot 120 accommodates a ring 122 which slidablyengages the stem 93 but will not pass the openings constituting the bore118. Openings 124 above the bore 118 permit removal of the stem whilethe slot 120 permits simultaneous removal of the ring 122, if the valveassembly is unbolted for removal as a unit; yet an effective drivingarrangement is maintained. K

Springs 119 and 121 are placed over said stem 93 rearwardly andforwardly respecdriving bracket (moving with the piston rod ,f

59) will drive the'valve rod 93.

In order toeprevent the valve 87 from; moving to reverse a given strokeof the piston 63 before the stroke is substantially finished, regardlessof the predetermined length of said stroke, and to cause said valve totake a full stroke at every movement thereof it is recessed at points125 and 127.

Formed preferably horlzontally across the -valve'passage v85, at a pointcorresponding to the position of recess 127 when the valve 87 is inrearward inlet position, is a passage 129 (see Fig. 2). On each side ofthe valve 87 in one' of the recesses 125, 127 is placed a ball 131. yThe balls are each backed by a `compressed spring 133 reacting against aretaining plug 135. By this means the valve 87 may be resilient-ly heldin either its exhaust or inlet position, depending upon which recess 125or 127, the balls 131 are cooperating with. The retaining plugs 135 areprovided with gudgeons 136 which are er1--v .gaged by a clamping member138, whereby the plugs are held in position.

When the driving bracket assembly 117 moves against the spring119,`(Fig.v1) and substantially compresses it, the rearward motion ofthe piston 63 is adapted to be about completed. vInthe meantime therecess 125 `and balls 131'have caused the valve 87 not to be moved,despite the partial compression of spring 119. Finally at or near theend of the stroke of piston 63, the spring is adapted to have beencompressed enough to overcome the holding power of the balls 131, andthe valve 87 moves into its Fig. 1 position under action of the spring119. The valve must move rearwardly its full stroke because, as the highridge 137 between the recesses 125 and 127 passes the balls 131, theinward movement of the balls into the recess 127 forces thel valve tovfull stroke position as described, although the spring 119 may by thistime have expanded to such a position that it would not, without thefull stroke feature, be able to move the valve to a position such thatthe groove 115 would align with port 95. As the valve opens the inletair port 95, the motion of the piston isreversed'to a forward direction,and reversal :of the above events takesplace. This time,

however, the spring 121 comes into play,

while spring 119 is idle. l The reverse events will be obvious from theforegoing. Fig. 1 shows the device moving through a working strokeposition. The valve 87 is admitting air during the period of the workingstroke. The valve will full-stroke to `the right so that the groove 115will take a closed position. This will result in the shoulder 86 passingover the exhaust passage 97 whereby air may exhaust. The inlet passage95 is now closed and the spring 73 causes a reverse action of the piston63.I

The pumping action by means of the engine E is then continuouslyautomatic as long as certain other events, to be described, take cannotbe ejected with the normal air pres sure available. Ifthe line is openedgrease can pass and the air engine automatically commences operation`and continues operation until said linev is again closed. There is nodead point from which the operation of thel engine could not be started.Tf the engine is exhausting when the valve is .closed the spring 73Acontinues forcing the piston toward the head 71, insofar as therearward' action of plunger 51, due to the check valve 29, isindependent of conditions in the line. The piston is then ready forforward travel whenever the line is opened to permit the predeterminedair pressure in the inlet line to take effect. The fact that the airengine can be stopped by closing the valve in the outlet line does notimply that only low grease pressures are attainable inthe outlet line,for if the said outlet line is connected with nearly clogged bearings,several thousand pounds per square inch of pressure may y be brought tobearon the obstruction with only a nominal air pressure in cylinder 55.`This isdue to the ratio of the diameters of piston 63 and plunger 51.The closing of the valve, however, resists the high pressure.

An oiling nipple 141 isprovided in thel may be lubricated. A lubricatingnipple 3143 forl light oil is provided on the full stroke valvemechanism.

The purpose of the relief p1ug 14 at the place. When the nozzle 105 isremoved from check valve 29 is to relieve pressure in the outlet line,if it is desirable to do so.

In the present construction, the fresh inlet air takes one course andthe exhaust air with its attendant accumulation of dirt, rust and thelike takes another course, and the latter course is short,'free and notthrough the valve stem. The result is that the abrasive rust andthelike, which is bound to exist in the exhaust air, is ejected withoutfunctioning to grind away the valve ittings. It is prevented fromrepassing through the valve stem and is blown directly 4out of thecylinder without doing harm to the valve. The life of the machine isthus increased. The reduced extension 66 on the valve serves to deflectparticles of rust and the like -before they forcibly strike the wall ofthe bore 85. The short, free exhaust increases capacity.

` The demountable valve assembly permits of ready replacements byinexperienced users. For instance, should a valve assembly fail, it maybe removed'merely by unstudding it and lifting it free `as a unit. A newassembl (adjusted at the factory) may be installe No line adjustments orintricate assemblies are required of the operator.

believed that the In view of the above, it is various features of thisinvention will be clear without further elaboration, and it will be seenthat with the apparatus herein described, the'several objects of theinvention are achieved and other advantageous results attained.

As many changes could be made in carrying out the above constructionwithout departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended thatall matter contained in the above description or shown in theaccompanying drawings shall be interpreted as ily lustrative and not ina limiting sense. A

' comprising a body,

I claim:

1. An air engine having a valve fitting comprising a body, a valvepassage through the body opening at one end to the atmosphere and havinga valve therein intersecting an inlet and an exhaust passage, said valvebeing adapted to move into inlet and exhaust positions, a movementlimiting head at one end of the valve adapted to engage the body tolimit movement at inlet position, a cup held to said body adapted to beengaged by said head to limit movement at the exhaust position, theother endof the valve-comprising a reduced shoulder forming anextension, said exhaust passage, whereby the valve passage functions asan exhaust and said extenbeing adapted to deflect particles beforestriking the wall of said valve passage as they emerge to be exhausted.y

- 2. An air engine having a valve fitting a valve passage throug one endto the atmosthe body opening at phere and having a valve thereinintersecting an inlet and an exhaust passage, said valve being adaptedto move into inlet and exhaust positlons, movement limiting means at oneend. of. the valve adapted to engage the body to limit movement at inletposition, means to be engaged by said movement limiting means to limitmovement at the exhaust position, the other end of the valve comprisinga reduced shoulder forming an extension, the shoulder being adapted touncover said exhaust passage, whereby the valve passage functions as anexhaust and said extension being adapted to deflect particles beforestriking the wall of said valve passage as they emerge to be exhausted.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name lto thls specification this3d day of December, 1926.

, FRANK S. BARKS.

the shoulder being adapted to uncover

